Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) is viewed as an effective, trench-less method of installing underground utility pipes, cables, or conduits with very little disturbance to the ground above, whether it be fully established shrubs or trees, driveways, paved roads, environmentally sensitive areas, or river crossings. The tag 'horizontal' speaks for itself, as pipes or cables are placed on a horizontal plane following a planned alignment plan to avoid damaging other underground utilities, and surface structures. The surface launched drilling rig has directional control (steering) while boring/drilling a pathway underground, guided by a 'walk-over' locating system. The locating system is calibrated to within an inch and the “locator” radios the steering instructions back to the drill operator. Readings on the progress of the drilling hear are taken at least every 3 metres or so and allow a great degree of accuracy to be achieved. Steering is accomplished by